Preface Chapters 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 of this standard are mandatory.
This standard specifies the safety requirements of electroplating chemicals in transportation, storage and use.
Appendix A to this standard is an informative appendix.
This standard is proposed by State Administration of Work Safety.The Chemical Safety Sub-technical Committee (TC288/SC3) of the National Safety Production Standardization Technical Committee is centralized and explained.
This standard is drafted by Ammett (China) Chemical Co., Ltd.Nanjing Branch.
Participating drafting units of this standard:Jiangsu Academy of Safety Production Science, Surface Engineering Branch of Jiangsu Machinery Industry Federation, of Jinhua Electroplating Association
Main drafters of this standard:Du Xinrong, Zhang Sulan, Ji Xueming, Hu Yiming, Zhou Yuanfu, Hu Haixia and Bai Ping.
This standard is entrusted to the Chemical Safety Sub-technical Committee of the National Safety Production Standardization Technical Committee for interpretation.
This is the first release of this standard.
Safety regulations for transportation, storage and use of electroplating chemicals
1 range
This standard specifies the safety requirements for transportation, storage, use, scattering, leakage and waste disposal of electroplating chemicals.
This standard is applicable to the safe operation process of electroplating chemical suppliers, consignors, road carriers and end users.
The safety regulations of articles belonging to" hazardous chemicals" used in electroplating production shall be implemented in accordance with relevant regulations on safety management of hazardous chemicals.
2 Normative citation documents
The terms in the following documents become the terms of this standard by reference to this standard.All subsequent amendments (excluding corrigendum content) or revisions to dated reference documents are not applicable to this standard.However, parties to an agreement under this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used.For undated reference documents, the latest version is applicable to this standard.
GB 190 Dangerous Goods Packaging Marking
GB 12463 General specification for transport packaging of dangerous goods
GB 13392 Vehicle markings for road transport of dangerous goods
GB 13690 Classification and marking of commonly used hazardous chemicals
GB 15603 General rules for storage of commonly used hazardous chemicals
GB 16483 Chemical Safety Technical Specifications (GB 16483-2000 ISO 11014-1:1994 eqv)
GB 17916 Technical conditions for storage and maintenance of toxic commodities
GB 20576 Chemical Classification, Warning Labelling and Warning Instructions Safety Specification for Explosives
GB 20577 Safety code for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals- for flammable gases
GB 20578 Safety specification for chemical classification, warning labels and warning instructions- for flammable aerosols
GB 20579 Safety code for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals- of oxidizing gases
GB 20580 Safety specification for chemical classification, warning labels and warning instructions-Gas under pressure
GB 20581-Safety specification for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals- for flammable liquids
GB 20582 Safety code for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals- for flammable solids
GB 20583-Safety specification for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals- for self-reactive substances
GB 20584 Safety specification for chemical classification, warning labels and warning instructions-Self-heating substances
GB 20585-Safety specification for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals-Spontaneous combustion liquids-
GB 20586 Safety specification for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals-Spontaneous combustion solid
GB 20587-Safety specification for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals- for substances that emit flammable gases when exposed to water
GB 20588-Safety specification for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals- for corrosive substances of metals
GB 20589 Safety specification for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals-Oxidizing liquids-
GB 20590 Safety code for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals-Oxidizing solids
GB 20591 Safety specification for classification, warning labelling and warning instructions of chemicals-Organic peroxides-
GB 20592 Safety specification for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals-Acute toxins
g
B 20593 Safety specification for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals-Skin corrosion irritation
GB 20594 Classification of chemicals, warning labels and warning instructions-Safety specification for serious eye injury-eye irritation-
GB 20595 Classification of chemicals, warning labels and warning instructions-Safety code for respiratory and skin allergies-
GB 20596 Safety specification for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals-Germ cell mutant
GB 20597 Safety specification for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals-Carcinogenicity
GB 20598 Safety specification for classification, warning labels and warning instructions of chemicals of reproductive toxins
GB 20599 Classification of Chemicals, Warning Labels and Warning Instructions-Safety Specification-Specific Target Organ System Toxic
One contact with
GB 20601 Classification of Chemicals, Warning Labels and Warning Instructions-Safety Specification-Specific Target Organ System Toxic
Repeated contact with
GB 20602 Classification of Chemicals, Warning Labels and Warning Instructions Safety Code Hazards to Water Environment
GB 50016 Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings
JT/T 198 Technical classification and assessment requirements for operating vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions established in GB 13690 apply to the of this standard
3.1 Plating chemicals
refers specifically to commodities with the attribute of" hazardous chemicals" or containing" hazardous chemicals" components, including but not limited to additives, raw and auxiliary materials, etc.See Appendix A.
3.2 Prohibited materials; Ncompatible materials
Chemical materials with conflicting chemical properties or different fire extinguishing methods.
3.3 Segregated storage
In the same room or in the same area, different materials are separated by a certain distance, and non-forbidden materials are stored at intervals by passages.
3.4 Separate storage separation storage
Storage of prohibited materials separated by partitions or walls in the same building or area.
3.5 Transport Packaging
The finished product of the packing operation, including containers ready for transport and their contents.
4 General rules
4.1 of general requirements
4.1.1 The main person in charge of the unit engaged in the transportation, storage and use of electroplating chemicals shall ensure the sound safety management rules and regulations of electroplating chemicals and ensure the safe operation and management of electroplating chemicals.
4.1.2 Units engaged in the transportation, storage and use of electroplating chemicals shall formulate emergency rescue plans for accidents, equip them with necessary protective emergency equipment, respond quickly and handle them properly in case of emergencies, and have measures and facilities to take emergency actions in case of accidents or accidents, and ensure their effectiveness.
4.1.3 Personnel engaged in transportation, storage and use of electroplating chemicals shall receive training on safety knowledge, professional technology, occupational health protection and emergency rescue knowledge, and pass the examination.
4.1.4 Employers shall provide workers engaged in operations using electroplating chemicals with protective articles that meet the national occupational health standards.
4.2 Packaging
4.2.1 The material of electroplating chemical packaging shall be suitable for the nature of the chemical contained, and the type, specification, method and single piece quality of electroplating chemical packaging shall be suitable for the use of the chemical, with reasonable structure, good strength and protective performance, and convenient loading, unloading, transportation and storage.Able to bear the impact and load encountered during transportation.
4.2.2 Packaging of electroplated chemicals shall be constructed and enclosed in such a way that no leakage due to changes in temperature, humidity or pressure may occur.
4.2.3 The sealing and gasket materials of the package shall be insoluble, non-conflicting and non-reactive with the electroplating chemicals, and the gasket materials shall have sufficient protective functions such as absorption, cushioning, support and fixation, etc.
4.2.4 In accordance with GB 12463, liquid electroplating chemicals shall be packed with sufficient reserved volume of not less than 5% of the total volume and of sufficient strength to withstand internal pressures due to temperature changes.Unless specifically required, liquid should not fill the container at 55 ℃.
4.2.5 Any part of the package in direct contact with the plating chemical shall not be affected by the plating chemical so as to significantly weaken the strength of the package, nor shall it cause dangerous effects within the package, such as causing the plating chemical to react itself or with the plating chemical.
4.2.6 Packaging surfaces shall be clean and free of any adhesion.
4.2.7 Damaged packages should not be used and should be replaced.
4.2.8 The above provisions apply to new and reused packaging.
4.3 Packaging labels, marking
4.3.1 Packaging labels and marks of electroplated chemicals shall comply with GB 190, GB 13690 and GB 20576 ~ 205 99, GB 20601 ~ 20602.
4.3.2 Information listed on electroplated chemical labels:
1) Trade name;
2) Main components of chemicals;
3) Name, address and emergency telephone number of supplier;
4) Harmful markers;
5) The nature of the particular hazards associated with the use of chemicals;
6) Safety precautions;
7) Batch number identification;
8) Prompt to ask the production and sales enterprises for safety technical specifications;
4.3.3 Labels and signs shall be easily recognized and understood by operators.
4.3.4 Labels and labels of electroplated chemicals shall be properly labeled to facilitate identification and differentiation by persons handling or using electroplated chemicals when receiving and using them.
4.3.4.1 The label shall be attached to the surface of the contrasting color.
4.3.4.2 Labels shall be affixed to the plated chemical package or container in a prominent position:
a) Barrel and bottle-shaped packing:located on the side of the barrel and bottle;
b) Box packing:located at the obvious place on the end or side of the packing;
c) Bag, bundle packing:located conspicuously in the packing.
4.3.4.3 For multi-layer packaging, both inner and outer packaging shall be labeled.However, if the outer packaging has been labeled, the inner packaging is the lining of the outer packaging, and the inner packaging can be labeled free; If the outer package is transparent, the label of the inner package can pass through the outer package clearly, and the outer package can be labeled without.
4.3.4.4 If the package size is sufficiently large, affix it to the same surface of the package as the official shipping name, close to it.
4.3.4.5 Apply to the package where it will not be covered or obscured by any part of the package or any other label or mark.
4.3.4.6 Where the packaging is irregularly shaped or too small in size or the nature of the packaging makes it impossible to label or identify the electroplated chemical, Other effective means of identification should be provided, such as affixed labels or accompanying documents, but all packages of electroplated chemicals should indicate the harmfulness of the contents by appropriate words or marks.
4.3.4.7 Labels and marks shall be clear, durable and able to withstand wind, sun and rain without significantly reducing their effect.
4.3.5 If the label falls off or is damaged, it shall be subsidized after inspection and confirmation.
4.3.6 When changing product labels for confidentiality reasons, the package should also be labeled with the standard label.
4.3.7 When electroplating chemicals need to be transferred or repackaged to other containers, labels shall be affixed to the transferred or repackaged containers.
4.3.8 The original label of the original container containing electroplating chemicals shall not be replaced before purification treatment.
4.3.7 When using reusable packaging to transport stored goods, labels and marks unrelated to newly loaded goods on the original packaging shall be removed.
4.4 Chemical safety specifications shall comply with GB 16483.
5 Transportation safety
5.1 Shipment to
5.1.1 The shipper of electroplating chemicals shall entrust an enterprise with road dangerous goods transport qualification to carry it, pack it in strict accordance with relevant state regulations, and explain the name, quantity, harmfulness and emergency measures of electroplating chemicals to the carrier.If inhibitors or stabilizers need to be added, they should be added in accordance with regulations.The safety specifications submitted and the safety labels affixed shall be identical to the consigned plating chemicals.
5.1.2 No person shall submit or accept the shipment of electroplating chemicals without proper classification, packaging, marking, labelling, description and certification on transport documents, or otherwise complying with the conditions of transport required by this code.
5.1.3 The consignor delivering the plating chemicals shall provide the following shipping information:
5.1.3.1 of transport documents
a) Transport documents may be of various styles and may have more than one page but shall be numbered in sequence.The information on the transport document should be legible, legible and durable.
b) If the electroplated chemical transport bill is sent to the carrier through electronic data processing (EDP) or electronic data interchange (EDI) transmission technology, the signature may be signed by the person authorized to sign it.
c) The transport document shall contain the following information:
1) Consignor, consignee and date
Plating chemicals the name and address of the consignor and consignee shall be listed on the transport document.The date of delivery to the first carrier is included in the transport document or its electronic version;
2) Name of goods to be officially shipped, packing quantity.
5.1.3.2 Certificate
1) Transport information for plating chemicals shall include a certificate or declaration that the consignment is authorized for transport, that the goods are properly packed, marked and labeled in accordance with applicable regulations and are in good condition for transport.
2) The text of the certificate reads:" I declare that the contents of this consignment have been fully and accurately described above by the official shipping name, and have been classified, packed, marked and labeled according to the applicable national regulations and standards, in accordance with the transportation management regulations."
3) The certificate shall be signed and dated by the consignor.If applicable laws and regulations recognize the legal effect of facsimile signatures, facsimile signatures may be
accepted.
5.1.3.3 Chemical Safety Technical Specifications
5.2 Carriage &n Bsp;
5.2.1 Requirements for qualification of transport units
1) The transport unit must hold a valid road transport business license or road dangerous goods transport license;
2) Enterprises approved by the safety production supervision and administration department at or above the provincial level to use and store electroplating chemicals may use their own special vehicles to engage in non-operating road electroplating chemicals transportation for their own units.
5.2.2 Requirements of transport personnel
1) Drivers of special vehicles have obtained corresponding motor vehicle driving licenses, and their age should not exceed 60 years old;
2) Drivers, loading and unloading management personnel and escorts engaged in the transportation of electroplating chemicals shall pass the examination by the transportation department of the municipal people's government where they are located, and obtain the qualification certificate for engaging in road dangerous goods transportation;
3) Electroplating chemical transportation enterprises or units shall employ drivers, loading and unloading management personnel and escorts with corresponding qualification certificates;
4) The transportation practitioners of electroplating chemicals should know the nature and hazard characteristics of the electroplating chemicals shipped, the use requirements of packages or containers and the disposal measures in case of accidents.
5.2.3 Requirements for means of transport
1) The technical condition of the vehicle shall conform to the first-class vehicle condition standard specified in JT/T 198.
2) The vehicle shall be configured to comply with the signs of GB 13392 and used as specified.
3) Special vehicles shall be equipped with necessary emergency treatment equipment and safety protection facilities according to the nature of dangerous goods transported.
4) Transport vehicles should be equipped with effective means of communication.
5.3 Requirements for loading and transportation
5.3.1 Before loading the electroplating chemicals, the packaging (including sealing) shall be carefully checked in good condition.If any damage is found, the packaging shall be replaced immediately or repaired and reinforced.When loading, the goods should be stacked neatly, and as few vacancies should be left between products and between products and carriages to prevent products from shifting and colliding during transportation.If necessary, it should be filled with fillers such as card plates.
5.3.2 Empty containers containing electroplated chemicals, which have not been treated safely and environmentally, shall still be consigned according to the original cargo conditions, and the residues in the packaging containers shall not leak, and the exterior of the containers shall not be stuck with residues causing harm.
5.3.3 Prohibited materials in electroplating chemicals shall not be mixed/transported in the same vehicle, nor shall they be mixed or transported in the same vehicle with other prohibited materials.
5.3.4 When it is impossible to transport by vehicle and a small amount of electroplating chemicals needs to be loaded and transported, it should be clearly stipulated in the transportation contract that articles that directly affect human health, such as food and medicinal materials, cannot be transported by vehicle.
5.3.5 Vehicles transporting food and medicinal materials shall not be used to transport electroplating chemicals.
5.3.6 The transportation unit of electroplating chemicals shall take necessary measures to prevent electroplating chemicals from falling off, spreading, losing, burning and leaking.
6 Storage security
6.1 Warehouse requirements
6.1.1 Warehouses for storing electroplating chemicals shall be approved by relevant departments such as fire control and shall comply with the requirements of GB 15603.
6.1.2 The reservoir area should be separated from the living area.
6.1.3 Warehouses where electroplating chemicals are stored shall be provided with obvious safety signs.
6.1.4 Warehouse construction shall comply with GB 50016.
6.1.5 Warehouses shall be made of easily flushed non-combustible floors.
6.1.6 The warehouse door shall be opened at the upper air outlet, and exhaust devices shall be set on the opposite side and side of the warehouse door.
6.1.7 Warehouse doors shall be made of steel plate or wood covered with iron sheet.The warehouse is provided with high side windows.
6.1.8 Lighting facilities shall not use iodine tungsten lamp or incandescent lamp above 60W.When using low-temperature lighting fixtures such as fluorescent lamps and other explosion-proof lighting fixtures, fire protection measures such as heat dissipation should be taken for ballasts.
6.1.9 In the combustible chemicals warehouse, no articles shall be placed within 0.5 m of the horizontal distance vertically below the lighting facilities.
6.1.10 Distribution lines laid in the warehouse shall be protected by metal pipes or non-combustible hard plastic pipes.
6.1.11 Warehouses storing flammable materials shall have warning signs prohibiting kindling.
6.1.12 The warehouse shall be equipped with adequate fire fighting facilities and equipment.They should be placed in an obvious and easily accessible place.Fire fighting facilities and equipment should be maintained frequently, updated in time, and in good and effective condition.
6.1.13 There shall be communication equipment.
6.1.14 Plumbing should be used if heating is needed in the warehouse.The distance between heating system and stacking position shall not be less than 0.3 m.
6.1.15 The relative humidity of the warehouse is not higher than 85% and the temperature is not higher than 35 ℃.Mechanical ventilation shall be provided.
6.2 Requirements for Warehouse Personnel
6.2.1 Warehouse personnel shall undergo the safety training of" storage, management and handling of hazardous chemicals" organized by the training qualification unit authorized by the safety production supervision and management department, and obtain the qualification certificate.
6.2.2 All personnel in the warehouse should be skilled and use fire extinguishing equipment correctly, and should be able to correctly handle accidents such as leakage and flow of liquid chemicals.
6.2.3 Warehouse personnel should wear suitable personal protective equipment when working in the warehouse.
6.3 Storage requirements
6.3.1 Electroplating chemicals shall be stored in warehouses and shall not be stored in the open air.
6 .3.2 Electroplating chemicals are stored separately according to different categories, properties, degree of danger and fire extinguishing methods.
6.3.3 Prohibited materials should be stored separately.
6.3.4 The storage site shall be provided with a signage indicating the sequence number of the storage site, the name of the goods stored and their location.
6.3.5 Stacking
6.3.5.1 The floor on both sides of the warehouse passage shall have striking passage marking lines.The warehouse passage shall meet the requirements of GB 17916:the width of the main passage shall not be less than 1.8 m, and the width of the branch passage shall not be less than 0.8 m.
6.3.5.2 The minimum distance between the stack and the wall shall meet the requirements of GB 17916:0.3 m corrosive, 0.5 m flammable and 0.3 m toxic.
6.3.5.3 The minimum distance between stack and column shall meet the requirements of GB 17916:corrosivity 0.1 m, flammability 0.3 m and toxicity 0.1 m.
6.3.5.4 The minimum distance between stacks shall meet the requirements of GB 17916:corrosivity 0.1 m, flammability 1.0 m and toxicity 0.1 m.
6.3.5.5 Stacks where electroplating chemicals are stored shall have moisture insulation facilities.The minimum distance from the stacking bottom to the ground shall meet the requirements of GB 17916:more than 0.15 m.
6.3.5.6 Stack height for electroplating chemicals shall comply with GB 17916:No more than 3m.
6.3.5.7 Liquid plating chemicals shall be stored in low-lying areas and shall be provided with articles and tools for handling leaks.
6.3.5.8 Volatile electroplating chemicals shall be stacked as determinants and stored in the downair.
6.3.6 Warehousing
6.3.6.1 Chemical safety technical specifications shall be provided for warehousing electroplating chemicals.
6.3.6.2 Acceptance of
1) The name, quantity, specification and physical object of electroplating chemicals are consistent with the documents;
2) The package is intact, water-free, wet and pollution-free;
3) Labels and logos are intact, and handwriting and logos are clear.
6.3.6.3 Electroplating chemicals that have not passed acceptance shall not be put into storage.
6.3.6.4 After the electroplating chemicals are accepted, complete the document procedures and register for warehousing.
6.3.7 Handling
1) Handling should use suitable equipment in good condition.
2) When carrying electroplating chemicals, it is forbidden to carry them on shoulders, and should be lightly unloaded, without impact, heavy pressure, dragging and rolling.
3) The labels and packaging should not be damaged during handling.
6.3.8 Check
6.3.8.1 The electroplating chemical warehouse shall be inspected once a day to check whether the stack is firm, whether the package is damaged or leaked, and whether the label is damaged or fallen off.
6.3.8.2 If abnormal phenomena are found during inspection, record and mark them, report them to superiors immediately and correct them in time.
6.3.9 Outbound
Shipment shall be made according to the name, specification and quantity of materials issued in the documents, and records shall be made to improve the document procedures.
7 Safety regulations for the use of electroplating chemicals
7.1 Collecting
7.1.1 Receiving documents shall be completed.
7.1.2 The materials shall be collected according to the name, specification and quantity of the materials issued in the documents, and whether the packaging and labels are in good condition shall be checked at the same time.
7.1.3 Safety specifications for the corresponding electroplating chemicals shall be obtained.
7.2 Using
7.2.1 Before use, the hazard characteristics of the electroplating chemical should be known by checking the label and safety technical specification.
7.2.2 Appropriate protective equipment should be worn and electroplating chemicals should be used correctly in safe places.
7.2.3 All temporary packaging containing electroplating chemicals shall be labeled with the name of the chemical.
7.2.4 Feeding according to process conditions.When feeding, it is scattered and put in slowly, stirring while putting in.Prevent overflow and splash.
7.2.5 Remaining electroplating chemicals should not be left on site or elsewhere and should be returned to the warehouse in time.
7.2.6 Wash containers and tools in contact with electroplating chemicals and store them in designated places.
7.2.7 Empty packages should be cleaned in time and placed at designated locations.
8 Disposal of scattered, spilled and discarded items
8.1 When electroplating chemicals are scattered or leaked, the harmfulness should be known through corresponding labels and chemical safety instructions, and corresponding protective articles should be worn.
8.2 Scattered and leaked electroplating chemicals shall be collected in time with special tools and containers.
8.3 The contaminated area and equipment should be cleaned in time with appropriate methods.
8.4 Harmful cleaning water should be treated accordingly.When dealing with waste electroplating chemicals and packaging materials stuck with electroplating chemicals, their potential harmful characteristics should be considered, and they should not be discarded arbitrarily and pollute the environment, and should be treated centrally and uniformly.If the unit cannot handle it, it shall entrust a qualified professional institution to handle it.
appendix a
(data appendix)
Selected electroplating chemicals
a.1 This appendix contains the categories and hazards of some of the electroplating chemicals applicable to this standard.
a.2 Electroplating chemicals include, but are not limited to, the articles entered in this appendix.
a.3 According to the relative position of electroplating chemicals used in electroplating production, the corresponding categories of electroplating chemicals are determined.
a.4 According to the technological role of electroplating chemicals in electroplating production, the corresponding functions are determined.
a.5 The categories of electroplating chemicals and their hazards are shown in table a-1.
Table A-1 category and hazard of electroplating chemicals
Category | Function | Main hazards | Product model |
Pretreatment | Removal of wax | Flammability, toxicity | Universal wax removal water SCR, etc. |
Immersion degreasing | Toxicity | Oil removal powder 151, etc |
Electrolytic degreasing | Toxicity | Oil removal powder 151, etc |
Corrosive agent for aluminum alloy | Toxicity | Acid etchant for aluminum G etc. |
Zinc precipitant | Toxicity | Zinc precipitation agent for aluminum W-2000 etc. |
Dezincifier | Toxicity | Activator for zinc precipitation of aluminum alloy BD etc. |
Activated acid salt | Toxic and corrosive | Acid salt AS-30 etc. |
Copper plating | Cyanide copper plating | Toxicity | Alkali copper CL-4 brightener, etc |
Nickel plating | Semi bright nickel | Toxicity | Semi bright nickel m-902 additive, etc |
Bright nickel | Toxicity | Bright nickel 3C softener, etc |
Electroforming nickel | Toxicity | Nickel sulfamate base solution, etc |
Chromium plating | Trivalent decorative chromium | Toxicity | Trivalent chromium TC additive, etc |
Hexavalent decorative chromium | Toxicity | Cr-842 rotary cylinder agent, etc |
Hard chromium | Toxic and corrosive | Hard chromium HCR3N catalyst, etc |
Galvanizing | Zincate zinc plating | Toxicity | Water softener protolux modifier 2x, etc |
Acid zinc plating | Flammability and toxicity | Acid zinc HT brightener, etc |
Tinning | Bright tin plating | Flammability and toxicity | Stannic acid 161 brightener, etc |
Matt tin plating | Flammability and toxicity | Matt HSM crystal fine agent, etc |
Alloy plating | Cu Sn Zn Alloy | Toxic and corrosive | White copper tin dermaloy brightener, etc |
Gold cobalt alloy | Flammability and toxicity | Gold cobalt alloy aurocor C concentrated salt, etc |
Gold nickel alloy | Flammability | Gold nickel alloy aurocor n supplementary salt, etc |
Gold nickel alloy | Toxicity | Gold nickel alloy aurocor N open cylinder salt, etc |
Zinc nickel alloy | Toxic and corrosive | Zinc nickel alloy reflective alloy zna93, etc |
Zinc cobalt alloy | Toxicity | Zinc cobalt alloy reflective alloy ZnCo brightener, etc |
Zinc iron alloy | Flammability | Zinc iron alloy protedur plus open cylinder salt, etc |
Zinc iron alloy | Toxicity | Zinc iron alloy protedur plus supplements, etc |
Precious metal plating | Gold-plated | Flammability and toxicity | Acid thin gold 723 acid salt, etc |
Palladium plating | Toxicity | Neutral palladium plating, supplementary salt, etc |
Electroless plating | Electroless nickel plating | Toxicity | Nichem 1123 a, et al |
Electroless copper plating | Flammability and toxicity | Chemical copper deposition covertron Cu reducing agent, etc |
Electroless tin plating | Toxicity | Chemical precipitation, alstan 30, etc |
Post plating treatment | Electrolytic protection powder | Toxicity | TC electrochromate powder, etc |
Passivation solution for zinc plating | Toxicity | Trivalent chromium blue passivation solution tridur ZNB etc |
Other | Hanger glue | Flammability and toxicity | Hanger rubber primer 227-p, etc |
| Flammability and toxicity | Resistance plating red paint 323, etc |