Specific heat capacity and density of commonly used substances_

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Heat transfer

Specific heat capacity and density of commonly used substances

**Density-specific heat meter for common liquids and solids**
Substance	Phase state	Density/15.6℃ to 21℃ （g/cm3）	Specific heat/15.6℃ （kJ/Kg•℃）
Water	Liquid	1	4.19
Ice	Solid	0.9	2.09
Hydrochloric acid 31.55% （Chlorination）	Liquid	1.15	2.51
Hydrochloric acid 10% （Chlorination）	Liquid	1.05	3.14
Caustic soda 50%	Liquid	1.53	3.27
Caustic soda 30%	Liquid	1.33	3.52
Nitric acid95%	Liquid	1.05	2.09
Nitric acid60%	Liquid	1.37	2.68
Nitric acid10%	Liquid	1.05	3.77
Phosphoric acid 20%	Liquid	1.11	3.56
Phosphoric acid 10%	Liquid	1.05	3.89
Sulfuric acid 110% （Smoke）	Liquid	None	1.13
Sulfuric acid 98%	Liquid	1.84	1.47
Sulfuric acid 60%	Liquid	1.5	2.18
Sulfuric acid 20%	Liquid	1.14	3.52
Brine-Sodium Chloride 25%	Liquid	1.19	3.29
Brine-Calcium Chloride 25%	Liquid	1.23	2.89
Seawater	Liquid	1.03	3.94
Magnesium oxide 85%	Liquid	0.208	1.13
Ammonia 100%	Liquid	0.61	4.61
Ammonia 26%	Liquid	0.9	4.19
Acetic acid 100%	Liquid	1.05	2.01
Acetic acid 10%	Liquid	1.01	4.02
Oxalic acid	Liquid	1.11	2.43
Aroclor	Liquid	1.44	1.17
Acetone 100%	Liquid	0.78	2.15
Alcohol contains 95% ethanol	Liquid	0.81	2.51
Alcohol contains 90% ethanol	Liquid	0.82	2.72
Benzene	Liquid	0.84	1.72
Phenol (carbonic acid)	Liquid	1.07	2.34
Toluene	Liquid	0.86	1.76
Carbon tetrachloride	Liquid	1.58	0.88
Pine oil	Liquid	0.86	1.76
Phthalic acid butyl	Liquid	1.53	0.97
Fatty acid-soft fat	Liquid	0.85	2.73
Fatty acid-stearin	Liquid	0.84	2.3
Gasoline	Liquid	0.73	2.22
Glycerol 100%	Liquid	1.26	2.43
1# fuel oil（kerosene）	Liquid	0.81	1.97
2# fuel oil	Liquid	0.86	1.84
3# fuel oil	Liquid	0.88	1.8
4# fuel oil	Liquid	0.9	1.76
5# fuel oil	Liquid	0.93	1.72
6# fuel oil	Liquid	0.95	1.67
API Central Crude Oil	Liquid	0.85	1.84
API gasoline	Liquid	0.88	1.76
SAE-SW(8# oil）	Liquid	0.88	无
SAE-20（20# oil）	Liquid	0.89	None
SAE-30（30# oil）	Liquid	0.89	None
Aluminium	Solid	2.64	0.96
Copper	Solid	8.82	0.42
Lead	Solid	11.34	0.13
Nickel	Solid	8.9	0.46
Titanium (commercial)	Solid	4.5	0.54
Zinc	Solid	7.05	0.4
Steel	Solid	7.9	0.46
Stainless steel 300 series	Solid	8.04	0.5
Coal	Solid	1.2-1.8	1.09-1.55(4℃)
Coal tar	Solid	1.2	1.47
Solid coke	Solid	1.0-1.4	1.11
Heat-resistant glass	Solid	2.25	0.84
Glass wool	Solid	0.072	0.66
Asbestos board	Solid	0.88	0.8
Asphalt	Liquid	1	1.76
Solid asphalt	Solid	1.1-1.5	0.92-1.67
Cotton	Solid	1.5	1.34
Paper	Solid	1.7-1.15	1.88
Paraffin wax	Solid	0.86-0.91	2.6
Molten paraffin	Liquid	0.9	2.89
Sand	Solid	1.45-1.76	0.8
Sulfur	Solid	2	0.85
Vulcanized rubber	Solid	1.1	1.74
Dry starch	Solid	1.486-1.507	1.13
Brick wall	Solid	1.6-2.0	0.92
Dry clay	Solid	1.9-2.4	0.94
Cork	Solid	0.25	2.01
Heat conduction A	Liquid	0.99	2.64
Heat conduction C	Liquid	1.1	1.747-2.72
Fresh fish	Solid	None	3.14-3.43
Fresh fruit	Solid	None	3.35-3.68
2 parts water 1 part dry glue	Liquid	1.09	3.73
Honey	Liquid	None	1.42
Ice cream	Solid	None	2.93
Milk	Liquid	1.03	3.77-3.89
Fruit wine	Liquid	1.03	3.77
Leather	Solid	0.86-1.02	1.51
Maple pulp	Liquid	None	2.01
Fresh pork	Solid	None	3.27
Silk	Solid	1.25-1.35	1.38
Soybean oil	Liquid	0.92	1.00-1.38
Lard	Solid	0.92	2.68
Linseed oil	Liquid	0.93	1.84
Cottonseed oil	Liquid	0.95	1.97
Sucrose 60% syrup	Liquid	1.29	3.1
Sucrose 40% syrup	Liquid	1.18	2.76
Sugar, sugar cane and beet	Solid	1.66	1.26
Fresh vegetables	Solid	None	3.06-3.94
Wood	Solid	0.35-0.9	3.77
Wool	Solid	1.32	1.36

**Specific heat-specific gravity table of common gases (air density is 1.29 kg/m3)**
Air	1	1
Ammonia	0.6	2.26
Benzene	None	1.36
Butane	2	1.91
Carbon dioxide	1.5	0.88
Carbon monoxide	0.97	1.07
Chlorine	2.5	0.5
Ethane	1.1	2.09
Ethylene	0.97	1.88
Freon-12	0.07	0.67
Hydrogen	0.07	14.32
Hydrogen sulfide	1.2	1.05
Alkane	0.55	2.51
Nitrogen	0.97	1.06
Steam	1.1	0.94
Propane	1.5	1.93
Sulfur dioxide	1.5	0.68
Water vapor	2.3	1.9